The historical sources that describe Chandragupta Maurya's life differ greatly in detail. The life and achievements of Chandragupta are represented in ancient and historical Greek, Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain texts, though the details differ greatly. They established their capital at Pataliputra, also known as Patna, which is in the current day's Bihar. Earlier, there was a republican and oligarchical form of government, and Mauryans replaced it with a monarchy. They were able to control entire north India, including the Gangetic valley, thus achieving political unity. Chandragupta, along with Bindusara and Ashoka, glorified the Mauryan empire and also ancient India. He defeated the last Nanda ruler with the help of Kautilya and established the Mauryan empire. The Mauryan dynasty was established by Chandragupta Maurya in 322 BC. He established a vast centralised empire with the help of his mentor and later minister Chanakya or Kautilya, the details of whose functioning, culture, military, and economy are well preserved in Kautilya's Arthashastra. Chandragupta Maurya, also known to the Greeks as Sandrakottos or Sandrokottos, was the founder and the first ruler of the Maurya Dynasty and is credited with establishing the first pan-Indian empire.
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